Why I must Be Careful

As I sit and type, while I can think of a million reasons why I need to be more careful and not speed, there are two reasons that seem to stick out at the top of my head. The first reason is, I need to be more careful because I could cause harm to myself and second, and more importantly, to someone else. Causing harm to me can lead to a whole lot of heartache for my family. It would further prove that everything my Mom and Dad were telling me is no joke. They love me and want me to grow up to become a functional and successful young man in today’s society.Causing harm to someone else could also lead to a lot of heartache for my family as well as someone else’s family. It could also lead to death. Speeding is defined as â€Å"exceeding the posted speed limit, driving too fast for conditions, or racing† and is a dangerous driving behavior. Despite progress in other areas, such as increased seat belt usage and fewer drunken driving deaths, speeding continues to be a major factor in about one-third of traffic fatalities.Speeding is an offense that’s not only dangerous to the one committing the crime, but also to all those that are surrounding the offender. There are signs posted on the side of the road for a reason. They control the traffic flow and keep accidents to a minimum. Going over these regulated speed zones is dangerous because if there is an obstacle that suddenly appears and you’re going too fast to avoid it then that is an equation for disaster. You could damage your vehicle or worse, harm yourself or somebody else.To help enforce the speeding laws the police department assigns districts to the policemen and women to help catch and correct people who end up trying to break the law whether it be intentional or not. Speeding is a crime that when it is being broken is dangerous to more than one party. That may be the reason why it’s taken so seriously and is enforced at a higher degree. When driving an automobile t here are more problems than just going over the speed limit. There are wide varieties of situations that you must be aware of before you get behind the wheel of a vehicle.You must not only be cautious of yourself but also everyone who occupies the roadways. You never know what can happen. There are too many uncertainties when it comes to the mixing of different people and their vehicles. You never know what kind of obstacles you will be faced with when you enter a public roadway. To help compensate for these uncertainties one must take extreme caution. Always be aware of your surroundings at all times. You must learn to keep your head on a swivel and eyes always on the road. When driving through any type of speed zone you should be extremely precautious.Especially in a school zone, due to children going and leaving school as well as all cars that could possibly be lined up waiting to pick up and drop off their children. When it comes to yours and others safety you must take as many precautions as necessary to keep everyone safe. If you were to ask the average American to recite the speed limits that are placed on the various types of roads such as freeways, back roads, residential streets, you would be surprised to discover how many can’t answer this seemingly simple question.There are many factors that are often overlooked, but there are cases when drivers get caught speeding. The quickest route from point A to point B is a straight line but while driving a vehicle that is rarely an available path. So to make up for that some people, even I decide to speed. But with speeding come a lot of risks and dangers. Drivers usually speed because they are in a rush, they are not paying attention to their driving, and they do not think the laws applies to them, they do not think their driving is dangerous, or they just don’t think they will get caught speeding.This is ugly, but it is the truth. No matter the excuse speeding is still against the law, so if you’re caught speeding, like I was, then you will be punished accordingly. In my case I was caught doing a high rate of speed. I was so far over the speed limit that it’s no longer classified as a ticket. My ticket was pushed up as a Super Speeder. A Super Speeder as a driver convicted of speeding at seventy-five miles per hour or more on a two-lane road or at eighty-five mph and above on any road of highway in the State of Georgia.I was going eighty-three mph in a fifty mph zone. When I was summoned to court I was told that even if I paid the One Hundred ninety dollar ticket, my license would still be revoked so I need to go to court and take my punishment. When I went before the judge, I displayed my extreme remorse for what I had done as well as my Mother. She even told the judge she had taken the keys and probably won’t get them back until graduation. I cannot be more grateful for the judge giving me the task of completing an essay on â€Å"Why I should Be More Careful.†I expressed my gratitude and remorse for my dastardly deed by typing this essay instead of having my license revoked, paying an extremely large ticket, or possibly going to jail. I would like to believe the judge showed me lenience because it was my first and last traffic violation as well as the innate good in me. This was an ordeal that could have been easily avoided by simply going the posted speed limit. I can honestly say that I have learned my lesson and hopefully anyone reading this essay will think twice before going over the speed limit.I have seen the error of my ways. In my mind, I subconsciously down played the dangers of speeding. I was also shocked to see the amount of people who actually speed on a regular basis. People speed on a regular basis is out of impatience. Rarely does anyone have a valid reason as to why they speed, but then again not everyone gets caught, but if you are unlucky enough to get caught then you could face a plethora of conse quences, so it’s best to keep yourself and other people safe by obeying the traffic laws and following the posted speed signs along the side of the road.In conclusion, this is my essay on why I should be more careful and why speeding is irrational and why it is just better to do the posted speed limit and obey all traffic laws. Once again, I am grateful for this opportunity to show my remorse for breaking the law and I will not speed again and I will be more careful. Thank you for taking the time to read my essay.

Analysis of Godfather Death

Analysis of â€Å"Godfather Death† Abstract: â€Å"Godfather Death† as told by Margaret Taylor is a short story about how fate is predetermined, and cannot be interfered with without consequences to another. Treatment: Characters: Man, God, Devil, Death, Boy/Physician, King, Kings Daughter. Setting: The Great Highway, Forest, Kings Castle, Underground Cave Time: Lifespan of Boy Plot: (4 Parts) A Man recently has his thirteenth child and goes in search of a godfather. He first comes across God, who promises to keep his son happy.The man denies God because he believes him to be unfair. He then comes across the Devil, who promises to bring his son joy and riches, but the man is aware of his corruptions and finds him unsuitable as well. Lastly, the man is approached by Death. Death declares that he makes all men equal, and can make his son rich and famous. The Man takes Death as his sons’ godfather. After the Boy had grown Death, brought him to a forest to give him a gift. He told the Boy that he would become a famous physician, but only with his help.He told him he would appear at either the head or foot of the patients’ bed to indicate whether they were to die or to be healed of all ailments with a special plant found in the forest. Then Death warned the boy not to disobey his orders, or death would be his own fate. The Boy became the most famous physician in the world and was sent for when the King fell ill. Death stood by the Kings feet to indicate he should die but the Physician disobeyed his orders and saved the King with the plant.Death was terribly angered by this and later approached him to scorn his actions and threaten his life if he again disobeyed him. The Kings Daughter then became sick. The Physician was called and found her beauty so intriguing that he again disobeyed his godfather to save her. Death grabbed the Physician, screaming that he had had enough of him, and dragged him underground. There were thousands of candle s everywhere that were constantly going out and sparking back up. Death clarified to the Physician that each candle represented a person’s lifespan, and the Physician asked to see his own candle.His candle was near its end and he begged his godfather to light a new candle for his life. Death explained that one life must go out for another to begin. The Physician asked for him to then put his old candle on top of a new one to continue his flame of life. Death pretended to do as the Physician asked, but purposefully drops the small candle and the fire is snuffed. The Physician instantly collapses into the hands of Death. Evaluation: This is a complicated short story that involves many characters in the beginning but end with only two.The story is in 4 parts, told first in the view of the boys’ father, and then by the boys godfather, Death. It has a literal ending, the boy dies in the hands of Death. The lesson to be learned by this story is that we are not to interfere w ith the balance of nature or severe consequences arising. The story is reported by Margaret Taylor, the boys’ father, Death, and the Physician. Conclusion: Everything in nature must be balanced. If we disturb this balance then there will be severe consequences.This is told through interfering with others fate in this story, but can be seen in other scenarios as well. In our ecosystem, changing even one small part of demographic region can incur a great threat. When the Chinese farmers shot down all of the red sparrows, who they had thought been eating their crops, there was no defense left to eat the locusts who were the actual ones eating the crops. The locusts multiplied without any predators and demolished fields of crop all across the country. In conclusion, changing the balance of nature can have detrimental implications for all.

Cold War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cold War - Essay Example There was, however, also a policy in place to never give ground throughout the Cold War, meaning that there were frequent proxy conflicts throughout the world in order for either country gain an ideological advantage. These included proxy conflicts in Afghanistan, Vietnam, Korea as the best known examples. The United States also engaged in huge industrial efforts, to force the Soviet Union to match them – things like the Space Program and the Interstate highway system. These proxy conflicts, however, also caused many problems for the United States. Arming the Mujahedeen in Afghanistan, for instance, led to those same arms later being used against America, while the proxy conflicts in Vietnam significantly reduced America’s attachment to fighting wars and reduced national moral. Furthermore, America supported essentially any regime that would aid in the fight against Communism, regardless of the consequences. This included the rather dictatorial Shah of Iran, who was the n overthrown by a revolution that included a huge amount of Anti-American sentiment. To this day America has to deal with a dangerous and Anti-American regime because of its habit of supporting dictators who had political moods that aligned with what the United States wanted during the Cold War. These are two types of blowback: one in which the US government faced international pressure because of its international intervention, and one in which its own populace raised against it in attempts to change the course of foreign intervention. The latter kind set rise to all sorts of things, including the Kent State riots, while also giving further impetus to the civil rights movements. The Cold War was the defining conflict that shaped America throughout the 20th century. It had an impact on every part of American life, from people who went off to wars to everyday American who lived under the threat of the bomb. Though it has ended, its shadow on American politics lingers to the present d ay. 1. US foreign policy in the interwar years was dominated by two principles: the Monroe doctrine, which indicated that the United States had a sphere of influence over the Americas that no other country could influence, and a significant policy of isolationism on the international stage. This was not complete isolationism, as the United States still had significant trading partners, but military isolationism was relatively extreme. Examples of this isolationism include America’s failure to join the League of Nations, which doomed the enterprise from the start. It was understandable that the United States wanted to be so isolationist, considering the history of European squabbles that could so easily engulf the young country if it were to get involved. 2. The Civil Rights movement was a movement, led by Black people from the South of the United States, to end oppression based on race and to gain basic liberties enjoyed by people of other races. Its roots can be traced back to the civil war, after which it was officially illegal to bar people from voting on the basis of race. Many Southern States, however, put together a series of laws and acts of intimidation that still prevented blacks from enjoying equal rights and protections. Lynching still occurred, it was still illegal for a black person and a white

National and International Ethics - Patent Rights Assignment

National and International Ethics - Patent Rights - Assignment Example 2. The Bayer should have actually not made any follow up whether its patent rights are being infringed. In this case, it was a matter of medical urgency and since the company was unable to meet the demand, it is ethical that they allow other players to come in. in this case, the Bayer should not have followed its own credo more than it seemingly did 3. It was ethical for the Bayer to threaten litigation against those thwarting its patent right. In this case, the company would have been coerced to allow other companies to manufacture similar drugs. In this case, it would have been unethical for Bayer to prevent other from manufacturing. 4. It was unethical for United States and Canada to change laws that contravenes the intellectual property rights of the Bayer Company. The best approach they would have used is to get into negotiations with the company so that they agree on the modality to solve the stalemate. As such, the two countries would have invoked the international ethical standards against the Bayer. 5. International Code of Ethics would have been the best channel to resolve this stalemate. In this case, the Bayer would have been requested to donate some of its patent right to other companies to manufacture the

Case Law Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Law - Case Study Example American Disability Act (ADA) â€Å"applies to disabilities that affect a major life activity, and those areas of coverage are vision, mental and motor skills, ability to care for one’s self and commute to employment†. In the case of Miss Clark, the fact that she is blind has been known to the company for a long time, as she holds the Vice-President position. Even though she is suffering from visual impairment, it did not prevent her from fulfilling her duties and responsibilities as the Vice-President of the company. However, due to her physical disability, the company refused to promote her to the position of Senior Vice-President because they think that she is not capable enough to carry-out the functions of an SVP. In spite of this physical defect, she has remained loyal to the company and worked for them in several years. Without a doubt, there is a clear violation of the law when the employer prevented the career advancement of Miss Clark by denying her of the pos ition of the Senior Vice-President. It bears stressing that she has surpassed the qualifications for the position of the SVP as seen in her work performance, professionalism and competencies in the execution of her duties and responsibilities in the company. This has been further bolstered by the good working relationship she shares with her colleagues and subordinates. To illustrate the reasonableness of her promotion, ADA provides steps or guidelines for the victim-employee to prove disability discrimination in order to file a valid claim against the employer. The following requisites are: First: A physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of such individual; Second: A record of such impairment, or being regarded as having such impairment; and Third: Accordingly, to fall within this definition, one must have an actual disability, have a record of disability or be regarded of having one. Verily, in the light of the justifications provided

Paper6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Paper6 - Essay Example The ddI experiment should have been allowed to continue albeit with changes in the experiment design. The pre-trial data for ddI lead to the formulation of three arms of the trial. The second arm of the trial received ddI only, despite the awareness amongst the investigators of the inferiority of the drug (risk of death) as compared to zidovudine. Analyzing the above dilemma on the principle of equipoise - as stated by C. Fried "a state of genuine uncertainty on the part of the clinical investigator regarding the comparative therapeutic merits of each arm of a trial" (Tnnsj 530), - would lead to the conclusion that the second arm of the trial does not satisfy this condition. Even while making this theoretical principle more practical, by accepting Freedman's version of clinical equipoise (Freedman 516), it can be argued that there was not a major difference of opinion amongst investigators regarding the inferiority of the drug or the expected benefit arising from it in the case of the second arm of the trial (Tnnsj 530). Thus it is wrong that some doctors were willing to take a risk in the face of a threat which had no clear benefits in terms of a positive outcome. The second arm of the trial should have been eliminated and the drug should have been tested for its superiority over zidovudine alone, when administered in alteration with the latter.

The Mystery of Pain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Mystery of Pain - Essay Example Rehabilitation trouble could be reduced if methods like virtual reality are adapted as in the case of "virtual reality for soldier's burn pain" where the patient's brain is diverted by means of cool virtual reality game, providing a sense of chill rather than heat of the pain. This alters the perception of sensory stimulation. In future the technique could gain advantage as it has potentials to calibrate neurons not to have sensation of pain. When human mind perceives the thought of suffering, pain is felt, eventually this very thought leads to enhanced discomfort and the individual recedes from cure because of distress. On the other hand animals do the reverse, they heal their injuries in a natural way. Thus, psychological focus plays an imperative role in sensing pain. It is established fact "little knowledge is dangerous". A person who himself is a physician knows the intensity of injury and is bound to feel more pain as compared to the individual who does not possess sound medica l knowledge, if both encounters the same degree of injury. Here again psychology plays the key role.

High and Simple Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

High and Simple Life - Essay Example This paper is based on the argument that high life is better than simple life because the high status gives people the freedom to choose everything in life. A wealthy town life involving the accumulation of money and resources is better than a simple life. People in the high life status enjoy the freedom of choice in all aspects of life. One can choose where to live, how to live, with whom to live, what to eat, what to wear, what to drive, among other requirements of modern life. Having the freedom to make choices makes one powerful on their own rights and able to enjoy life to the fullest. In other words, simple life may just come automatically because it is controlled by the natural course of events. However, high life comes at a price. In the article, the author refers to a Sears advert campaign that informs the consumer about the â€Å"good life at a good price, guaranteed,† that Sears offers. This implies that no good life will come without incurring a monetary cost. Good life comes with good clothing, appliances and other elements that help to shape the outward appearance (Japp & Japp 544). Nature is the sole source of a good life. It is the nature that gives space for golf courses, vacations, playgrounds, dancing halls, among others. Nature also gives the materials necessary to build better houses and acquire all the necessary elements that are necessary for a good life full of fulfillment and happiness. Nature is treated as a sustainable resource that must be utilized and mined in order for good things to be acquired. In other words, in order for human desires to be attained, nature must be conquered and exploited in all ways possible. Technology, which is another important aspect of human pleasure, has also developed from nature (Japp & Japp 540).

Screen Speeds in Radiography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Screen Speeds in Radiography - Essay Example (2005), the details of the image are inversely proportional to the speed of the screen which therefore means that the slow detail screen has greater films than the fast intensifying screen. This is so because in slow detail screens, the area that is exposed by each x-ray will be smaller and slower hence the details better. A reduction in speed increases the dosage of ionizing radiation. This therefore means that the fast intensifying screen uses a smaller dosage of ionization radiation compared to the large dosage used by the slower detailed screen. The slow screens are usually of the standard type while the fast screen has the rare earth type. The last characteristic is that a fast intensifying speed reduces patient exposure to the radiation while a slower detail screen increases exposure. As a result of this difference in image detail and exposure to the radiation, the slower detail screens are used to produce photo films while the fast intensifying screen is used for medical

Poverty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Poverty - Essay Example e has been an on-going debate as to the actual poverty numbers in the past with many experts claiming there as many as one billion people who fall and live below the poverty line. Most of these poor are in developing countries of the world. Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest numbers of persons living below the poverty line. According to the World Bank, studies by Bhalla (2002) and Sala-i-Martin (2002) claim that the â€Å"number of people living in extreme poverty has fallen more sharply than as indicated by World Bank estimates†. The duo suggests that first World Bank’s Millennium Development Goal (MDG) of halving the poverty rate by 2015 had in fact reached in 2000. In contrast other studies have stated that there has been no such decline as claimed by the World Bank. Reddy and Pogge (2002) and Wade (2002), in their assessment states that â€Å"the rate of decline in poverty is overstated by World Bank estimates.† These varying views are based on the various definitions or just understanding of what global poverty really is. The methods of measuring and assessing poverty data around the world also contributes to this differing school of thoughts. According to the World Bank (2008a) the world’s population living under extreme poverty dropped from 28 percent to 21 percent from 1990 to 2001 in developing countries around the world. The regions of East and South Asia witnessed most of the decline. In East Asia, the rate of poverty is said to have only dropped from 69 percent to 27 percent from 1990 to 2006. The same report suggests that the situation in Sub-Saharan Africa got worse as the number of people living under extreme poverty jumped from 231 million people in 1981 to 318 million in 2001, a 5 percent increase over 10 year period. Other regions of the world have not had dramatic changes in their poverty statistics. The economies of Eastern Europe and Central Asia which experienced a sharp drop in income in the early 1990’s have seen poverty rates

The Effects of Specialized School Curricula on Children’s Art Experience and Knowledge Essay Example for Free

The Effects of Specialized School Curricula on Children’s Art Experience and Knowledge Essay Three approaches in early childhood education in Europe have been significantly increasing the conduct and practices of teaching in North America. â€Å"In elementary and early childhood education, three of the best-known approaches with European origins are Waldorf, Montessori, and Reggio Emilia† (Edwards, 2002, n. p. ). These inspirational approaches provide an alternative method of teaching from the traditional education. Founded by Rudolf Steiner, at the core of Waldorf education is the promotion of peace and justice in society. It â€Å"aims to respect the essential nature of childhood, and in the early years, a secure, unhurried environment which provide a sound foundation for emotional, social and cognitive intelligence later† (Nicol, 2007, p. 1). Maria Montessori founded the Montessori school which offers multi-level approach to education with individualized instructions for students. â€Å"Montessori believed that children developed in stages and that each stage had its own unique characteristics and qualities† (Isaacs, 2007, p. 9). The similarity of Reggio Emilia’s approach with that of John Dewey cannot be denied in its emphasis on the relationship of the individual to the society. The approach can exist with other approaches, and â€Å"crossfertilization can happen between programs† (Fraser Gestwicki, 2002, p. 10). It may be said that all three approaches are similar in acknowledging the child as competent and resilient with rights that have to be upheld. As a substitute teacher, I have worked with kindergarten through fifth grade students in different content areas. I have discovered that student with advanced classes receive more enriching activities while those in lower functioning classes, the focus was mainly on English language acquisition and math skills. Furthermore, students who are given more responsibility and are included in the learning process seem to succeed more. The teaching methods of Montessori, Waldorf, and Reggio Emilia are more student-centered and are more empowering. It was through this observation that I have conceptualized the current research study which aims to examine the effects of these three approaches. Specifically, it answers the question: Will using teaching methods from specialized school curricula of Montessori, Waldorf and Reggio Emilia benefit art experience and knowledge among children in New York City public schools? Chapter III discusses the methodology to achieve this objective while the succeeding chapter will discuss relevant literature related to the study. Chapter II Review of Related Literature Parents and educators alike have been asking, which among the three approaches is the best for the children. Experts however, agree that each have their own strengths and instead of picking out one, there is more benefit and creating interactions among the three. This paper examines how the specific teaching methods from the three approaches will benefit the students. Preschool education has been found predictive of higher level school achievement. Marcon (2002) found out that children who had an academically orient pre-school experience were less likely to be retained than others. Moreover, up until 6th year in school, there were no significant differences in achievement performance among three different preschool experiences. However, at 6th grade, â€Å"children whose preschool experiences had been academically directed earned significantly lower grades compared to children who attended child-initiated preschool classes† (Marco, 2002, n. p. ). It appears then that an active early learning experience where children were given more responsibility for learning enhanced later learning experiences. Prager (2001) examined how the Waldorf approach was successfully used in an arts curriculum in an urban public school to teach students of color. The approach was found to have enabled students to think critically and analytically, and allowed them to become well-informed. It â€Å"inspires urban students and teachers and prevents dooming them to what Weiner (1999) calls, â€Å"the custodial treatment of children† that unfortunately occurs in many city schools† (n. p. ). In a related article, Mollet (1991) describes how the Waldorf approach transformed his class. Using the â€Å"right time† method for introducing lessons, Molett was able to make the class engaged in fractions, a topic he chose according to their development stage. The Montessori school has also grown in popularity and is acknowledged as a powerful approach for individualized instruction. In a study by Shilt (2009) of 11 Montessori schools, teachers employing Waldorf method were able tailor instruction â€Å"to individuals’ skill levels and socio-emotional characteristics† (p. 10). In a related study, Sklar’s (2007) study noted that differences in administration of pro-social skills in Waldorf schools can be attributed to the number of years the school has been in operation. Start-up school differ in approach with established schools. In another study, Schonleber (2006) conducted a qualitative research among Hawaiian educators on the effectives of the Waldorf approach. Data revealed that the approach was congruent to their work lifestyles, values and beliefs, pedagogical practices and overlapping worldviews. The Reggio Emilia approach was evaluated by Warash, Curtis, Hursh and Tucci (2008) as a method facilitating developmentally appropriate practices. The literature concludes that the Reggio Emilia approach can be used in combination with behavior analytic model to address specific learning needs of learners such as those with disabilities and challenging behavior problems. The study of Katz and Galbraith (2006) provided additional support for the effectiveness of Reggio Emilia approach in inclusive schools. Children with disabilities and those typically developing were found to have appropriate times and venues for interaction during the classes. From the studies, all three approaches have been found remarkably useful in the classroom. This study will adopt different techniques from the three approaches and develop a curriculum that will enhance art experience and education of the students. The next chapter will discuss in detail how the objectives of the study will be achieved. Chapter III Methodology The sample and procedure in this study are discussed in detail to answer the proposed research questions: Will the implementation of a specialized curriculum, Montessori, Waldorf and Reggio Emilia significantly affect children’s art and knowledge among public school students in New York City? To best address the concerns that gave birth to the current study and the goals specified, action research was adopted for the design of the study. While there are many models for action research, â€Å"the basic process consists of four steps: identify an area of focus, collect data, analyze and interpret data, and develop an action plan† (Mills, 2003, p. 20). In this study, I will be examining the impact of the different teaching approaches to kindergarten students. Kindergarten students are between 5-6 years old. For this study, I will be creating lessons plans in the Montessori, Waldorf and Reggio Emilia tradition which I will be implementing during the student teaching experience. To measure the effects of the program, I will be evaluating the students’ participation, interest and work output. I will be using observations and journal writing as methodologies to achieve the research objective. Furthermore, I will also be using student portfolios as basis for any changes in students’ product while attending the sessions. To further validate the data I will be collecting, I will also conduct interviews with other teachers who are employing the same teaching approaches to compare results. Action research has been best approached through the use of qualitative data collection techniques. Action research employs the use of a triangulation matrix to identify three data sources for the issue being studied: observations, portfolios and interviews. The use of these three approaches increases the content validity of the results. References: David, M. (1991). How the Waldorf approach changed a difficult class. Educational Leadership, 49 (2), 55-56. Edwards, C. P. (2002). Three approaches from Europe: Waldorf, Montessori and Reggio Emilia. Early Childhood Research and Practice, 4 (1). Retrieved from http://ecrp. uiuc. edu/v4n1/ edwards. html Fraser, S. Gestwicki, C. (2002). Authentic childhood: Exploring Reggio Emila in the Classroom. Albany, NY: Delmar. Isaacs, B. (2007). Bringing the Montessori approach to your early years practice. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Katz, L. Galbraith, J. (2006). Making the social visible within inclusive classrooms. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 21 (1), 5-21. Marcon, R. A. (2002). Moving up the grades: Relationship between preschool model and later school success. Early Childhood Research and Practice, 4 (1). Retrieved from: http://ecrp. uiuc. edu/v4n1/marcon. html Mills, G. E. (2003). Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher (2nd ed. ) Columbus, Ohio: Merrill Prentice Hall. Nicol, J. (2007). Brining the Steiner Waldorf approach to your early years practice. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Prager, D. R. (2001). Three teachers in a Waldorf-inspired public elementary school: A case study of an effective urban learning environment. Retrieved from Proquest Digital Dissertations. (AAT 3033354) Schonleber, N. S. (2006). Culturally congruent education and the Montessori model: Perspectives from Hawaiian culture-based educators. Retrieved from Proquest Digital Dissertations. (UMI: 3216086) Shilt, D. T. (2009). Examining the nature of literacy activity in public Montessori classrooms. Retrieved from Proquest Digital Dissertations. (UMI: 3392640) Sklar, C. W. (2007). Fostering pro-social behaviors in urban elementary schools: a closer look at the Montessori approach. Retrieved from Proquest Digital Dissertations. (UMI: 3270869) Warash, B. , Curtis, R. , Hursh, D. Tucci, V. Skinner meets Piaget on the Reggio playground: Practical synthesis of applied behavior analysis and developmentally appropriate practice orientations. Journal of Research in Childhood Education,

Cert Introduction Essay Example for Free

Cert Introduction Essay 205 cert introduction to duty of care in health, social care or children and young people’s settings. 205 cert. 1 understanding the implications of duty of care. Q 1.1 Define the term duty of care. A 1.1 Health and social care organisations have what is called a duty of care towards the people look after, that means that they must do everything they can to keep the person in their care safe from harm, it is not only the care establishment that needs to prioritise the safety, welfare and interests of the people using its services, but also the care workers of the establishment. My employer also has a duty of care for staff members, to ensure that workers conditions are safe, suitable to deliver the service. Q 1.2 Describe how the duty of care affects own work role. See more: how to start a paragraph A 1.2 Duty of care is a legal obligation imposed on an individual requiring that they adhere to a standard of reasonable care while performing any acts that could foreseeable harm others. 205 cert. 2 understanding support available for addressing a dilemmas that may arise about duty of care. Q 2.1 Describe dilemmas that may have arisen between the duty of care and an individual’s rights. A 2, 1 as a care worker my aim is to help people live independently. That means encouraging them to make decisions for themselves. When someone in our care decides to do something that we think is unsafe, we face a dilemma (a difficult choice between two decisions). If we stop them doing it, are we denying them the right to take risks? If we let them do something dangerous, are we failing in our duty of care? Q 2.2 explain where to get additional support and advice about resolve such dilemmas. A 2.2 Additional support may come from: Families and friends of the individual. Colleagues. Peers. Senior carers. Managers. Registered managers. Advocates. Care standards. Community psychiatric nurses. Health visitors. Doctors. Police. Local counsellors. Members of parliament. 205 cert. 3 Know how to respond to complaints. Q 3.1 describe how to respond to complaints. A 3.1 Individuals and their relatives and friends are confident that their complaints will be listened to, taken seriously and acted apon. The registered person ensures that there is a simple, clear and accessible complaint procedure which includes the stages and timescales for the proses, and that complaints are dealt with promptly and effectively. The registered person ensures that the person home has a complaint procedure which specifies how complaints may be made and who will deal with then, with an assurance that they will be responded to within a maximum of 28 days. A record is kept of all complaints made and includes details of investigations and any action taken. The register person ensures that written information is provided to all individuals for referring a complaint to the QCA at any stage, should the complainant wish to. Q 3.3 Identify the main points of agreed procedures for handling complaints. A 3.3 There are principles of good complaints procedures by the local government ombudsman and heath service ombudsman .they are the following. 1 Getting it right.

Foucauldian Discourse on Punishment

Foucauldian Discourse on Punishment Foucauldian Discourse on Punishment It is noteworthy that the power and techniques of punishment depend on knowledge that creates and classifies individuals, and that knowledge derives its authority from certain relationships of power and domination (Sparknotes, 2006). However, it is in the works of French philosopher Michel Foucault on penal institutionsthat the idea of punishment as part of a discourse of power is made explicit. In this paper, I will critically assess Foucault’s discourse concept on punishment as well as Bentham’s panopticon theory demonstrating the extent of Foucault’s concept towards punishment. Disciplinary institutions are, by and large, places where power is exercised and coursed through various mechanisms. Without doubt, it is in Discipline and Punish (1977) that Foucault’s concern with discipline and surveillance becomes even more pronounced than his other genealogical works. In this work he examines the progressive sophistication of disciplinary mechanisms such as punishments employed in prisons that are in fact, upon closer scrutiny, representative of the same progression of disciplinary mechanisms in society. He undertook an examination of power relations using the penal institution as a take-off point, for the primary reason that it is here where the different disciplinary techniques used in the exercise of power are more evident. At the outset, he shows how torture and execution was made a public spectacle; with the condemned man being paraded in a manner deemed suited to the crime he committed. Interestingly however, public tortures and executions soon became a ‘hidden’ affair, with the condemned man being transferred secretly from one place to another in a manner as inconspicuous as possible, using plain carriages with no particular distinguishing mark indicating that the cargo was a convicted felon. Nevertheless, Foucault points out the concern that the institution has with the ‘body’, a preoccupation that the prison has in common with the asylum and the hospital and, upon close examination, with other institutions as well(Foucault, 1977, p.25). The shifting of torture and execution from the public to the private realm (resulting in more economical disciplinary techniques) subtly demonstrates how mechanisms of discipline evolve and take other forms. In an interview, Foucault states: What I wanted to show is the fact that, starting from a certain conception of the basis of the right to punish, one can find in the work of penal experts and philosophers of the 18th century that different means of punishment were perfectly conceivable. Indeed in the reform movement†¦ one finds a whole spectrum of means to punish that are suggested, and finally it happens that the prison was in some way, the privileged one (Foucault, in Lotringer, 1989, p.286). Using the prison as an example, Foucault demonstrates how such disciplinary institutions utilize different techniques to form ‘docile bodies’: a direct coercion of the body to produce both productive subjects and instruments with which to channel power (Foucault, 1977, p.136). This is a positive perspective of power, because through subjection and subjugation, the individual at once becomes a productive body through direct bodily training. There is a purpose to an institution’s exercise of power, depending upon the nature of that institution; at most, what can be said insofar as purpose is concerned is that institutions all aim at producing ‘docile bodies’ in whatever form the latter may take. Again, this depends on what type of individual an institution intends to fashion. Docile body simply refers to the type of individual that is trained and disciplined in the context of a power relation in an institution. In discussing productivity, it can be understood to refer to the capacity of institutions to produce individuals of a specific type, utilizing punishments as mechanisms. In their book, Michel Foucault (1984), Cousins and Hussains write â€Å"that imprisonment is also enveloped in a mechanism of power† (p. 173). Foucault sees discipline, therefore, as combinative: it functions to combine elements, in this case, individuals, into a uniform mass not through the individual variables found in each element, but through the characteristics imposed upon it because of the space it occupies. Hence, the space defines the capabilities of each individual, which in turn contribute to the collective function of the mass. As it were, the individual is trained through its designation or position, the series that is relevant to his codified space, and through the issuance of a systematic order or command from the authority (Foucault, 1977, p.166). In the following part, it will be made evident that for Foucault, the institutional role of the prison-model of society paves the way for control and observation. At the end of the chapter entitled Panopticism, Foucault explicitly stated: The practice of placing individuals under ‘observation’ is a natural extension of a justice imbued with disciplinary methods and examination procedures. Is it surprising that the cellular prison, with its regular chronologies, forced labour, its authorities of surveillance and registration, and its experts in normality, who continue and multiply the functions of the judge, should have become the modern instrument of penality? Is it surprising that prisons resemble factories, schools, barracks, hospitals, which all resemble prisons? (p. 228). In this particular passage, Foucault outlines the mechanisms that the prison uses in controlling criminality. On closer examination, what he in fact outlines are the mechanisms that operate within different social institutions. This is a noteworthy point, since the institutions that he mentioned, i.e. factories, schools, barracks, and hospitals, all function in essentially the same way as the modern prison. These all use specific procedures and techniques to discipline subjects. Jeremy Bentham’s concept of the â€Å"Panopticon† became an influential model for modern day architectural efficiency. In short, the prison that he envisioned in the late 18th century was to be constructed in such a way as to have the individual cells arranged in a circular manner, with an observation tower at the centre of the formation, light coming from the outside of the cells illumines the inmate for whoever is staying at the observation tower, while the observer in the tower itself remains hidden from the cells’ occupants (See. Figure 1). This arrangement reverses, yet makes even more powerful, the traditional notion of incarceration that is, the putting away of criminality. Thus, to assume that someone is in the observation tower even if there is no one there is the full effect of the â€Å"Panopticon†. Foucault (1977) further clarified: Hence the major effect of the Panopticon: to induce in the inmate a state of conscious and permanent visibility that assures the automatic functioning of power. So to arrange things that the surveillance is permanent in its effects, even if it is discontinuous in its action; that the perfection of power should tend to render its actual exercise unnecessary†¦ in short, that the inmates should be caught up in a power situation of which they are themselves the bearers. (p. 201) It can be seen that central to the effective use of the panoptic principle is the efficiency of surveillance mechanisms. The latter should function in such a way as to force the recipient of disciplinary power to keep watch over his/her own actions, because of the fact that s/he is being observed by the authority figure. The concept of the gaze is what makes discipline work. In the panoptic model, visibility becomes the central principle that governs incarceration. In other words, For Foucault, the â€Å"Panopticon† represents the way in which discipline and punishment work in modern society. It is a diagram of power in action because by looking at a plan of the â€Å"Panopticon†, one realizes how the processes of observation and examination operate (Sparknotes, 2006). To my way of thinking, by and large the foucauldian concept of discourse towards punishment is an explicit, objective and realistic extensive concept with an array of persuasive arguments and insights on power and techniques of punishment that reflect the modern penal system and simultaneously the various mechanisms of observation and examination. On the whole, what is made evident at this point is that punishment in Foucault should be understood as something much broader than simple retribution. Instead, punishment is an act that is subsumed under the notion of discipline, or training. As such, the prison institution is designed to re-form a criminal into an individual who can be reintegrated into mainstream society, in order to be made useful and productive once more. As already mentioned, the mechanisms used by society are by and large the same mechanisms of discipline used in institutions such as the prison. Within this larger framework, it is implied that the notion of punishment, in all its forms, operate as a part of a purposeful social design within which all other theories become possible. What is positive about such a societal setup is the fact that techniques such as punishments are not entirely negative or prohibitive. Relations of power are important for Foucault because of the positive effects borne out of it. As a final positive note, consider what he says that is summed up best in an interview: It seems to me that power is ‘always already there’, that one is never ‘outside’ it†¦ But this does not entail the necessity of accepting an inescapable form of domination†¦ To say that one can never be ‘outside’ power does not mean that one is trapped and condemned to defeat no matter what (Foucault, 1980, p.141). While Foucault did not agree with the prison per se as the best form of punishment, he saw in the prison a mechanism that, as used by the society, functions as a state mechanism for internalizing discipline. That means the individual would be responsible for governing or disciplining himself from within. Every time the person â€Å"feels the gaze† (i.e. domination), he would be forced to govern himself. In other words, the effects of discipline are felt even though the disciplinary power is absent. The prison is therefore not simply a place for punishment, but a model of an effective mechanism. Bibliography Cousins, M. Hussain, A. (1984)Michel Foucault. New York: St. Martin’s Press. Macey, D. (1994) The Lives of Michel Foucault. London: Vintage. Foucault, M. (1977). Discipline and Punish. Alan Sheridan Trans. New York: Vintage Books. Foucault, M. (1989.) What calls for Punishment? In: Lotringer, S. ed. Foucault Live. New York: Columbia University, pp. 279-292. Foucault, M. (1980). Power and Strategies. In: Gordon, C. ed. Power/Knowledge. New York: Pantheon, pp. 134-145. Sparknotes. (2006). Michael Foucault: Discipline and Punish. Available: Last accessed 1 March 2007. Panopticon (Prison’s Plan) Figure 1 From Discipline and Punish, 1977

Meaning Of The Word Nigger Essay -- essays research papers

The Meaning of the Word â€Å"Nigger†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I can recall the first time I paid close attention to the word nigger. In junior high a school fight would occur about every week and of course the whole school would gather together and watch. Well this particular fight sticks out in my mind because it was between two boys of different races, Hispanic and black. During their conflict the Hispanic boy bluntly called the black boy a nigger, and that was when the rest of the black students became verbally involved. I remember screaming out â€Å" who do you think you are calling him that?† If the white, Hispanic, or any other race calls us a nigger, we as black people become hostile. Now that I have put more thought into that incident, I ask myself who do we think we are calling ea...

Windows Me :: essays research papers

An Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) version of Windows ME is a special release product made available for computer Manufacturers. OEMs can customize these versions of Windows ME specifically for their hardware and software. The Setup procedures and requirements outlined in this document may be different if you have an OEM version of Windows ME. For more information, read the documentation that came with your computer or contact your computer manufacturer. ========================================= IF WINDOWS ME DOES NOT START IN SAFE MODE ========================================= Any of the following conditions can cause Windows ME not to start in Safe Mode: - Your computer is infected with a virus. Run up-to-date anti- virus software to check for a virus and clean your computer if necessary. - Your computer's CMOS settings are not correct. Check your computer's CMOS settings to make sure they are correct. Note that you may need to contact the computer manufacturer to verify these settings. - There is a hardware failure. Note that you may need to contact the computer manufacturer for more information about your hardware. - There is an error on your computer's hard disk. See "Using ScanDisk to check your hard disk." - There is an error in the Windows registry. See "Using the Windows Registry Checker." Using ScanDisk to Check Your Hard Disk -------------------------------------- If you suspect there may be file corruption or other problems with your hard disk(s), run ScanDisk to check for and repair errors. To check all your hard disks for errors: 1. At the command prompt, type: scandisk /all 2. Press ENTER. To perform a full surface scan of your hard disk(s) for maximum protection against data loss: 1. At the command prompt, type: scandisk /all /surface 2. Press ENTER. Using Windows Registry Checker ------------------------------ If you are still unable to start Windows ME in Safe Mode, run the Windows Registry Checker (Scanreg.exe) tool, as there may be a problem with the system registry. To start the Windows Registry Checker: 1. At the command prompt, type: scanreg /restore 2. Press ENTER. Scanreg may not be available if Windows ME has not been successfully installed on your computer. ========================================================= IF SETUP STOPS AND WINDOWS ME WILL NOT START IN SAFE MODE ========================================================= The following section explains what you can do to recover from a failed Windows Setup. For more information about other Setup problems, see the Setup.txt file in the Win9X folder of your Windows ME CD. If you encounter any of these error messages while running Setup: - Invalid system disk - Incorrect MS-DOS version - Missing or corrupted Command.com it is likely that your computer's startup drive needs updated

Supply Side Keynesianism Essays -- Economics

Supply Side Keynesianism A President is measured by how well the economy did during his term in office. More specifically is whether unemployment went up or down, and did they help the economy to fight inflation. Two basic modes of thought on the subject have pervaded public policy since World War II: demand-side and supply-side economics. Demand-side economics is generally known as Keynesianism, named after the English economist John Maynard Keynes. He believed that governments should force interest rates down by printing money and lending it from the central bank at a discount. This would put more money in consumers' hands and encourage them to spend and consume more, thus creating an incentive for investment. This helped to solve some of the problems, but in the long run it is extremely inflationary, because with the increase of the money supply it becomes devalued. Keynesianism also calls for the government to spend more to try to help the economy grow. Keynesianism is a short-term solution to an economic problem and could only do so much for the economy before inflation caches up with it, and takes it into a recession. On the other hand we have supply side economics, which works on more of a long-term basis. It basically attempts to stimulate economic growth, which would reduce inflation, and raise the standard of living. Supply side proponents say that by reducing government regulations and taxation, this will stimulate more economic growth, and mar...

Mississippi style by Erle Johnson

The Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission was enacted by an act of the Mississippi legislation in 1956. Its objectives was to protect the sovereignty of the state, and her sister state. The commission is run by four ex-official; the governor (who was the chairman of the commission), the president of the state (vice-chairman of the commission), the attorney general, and the speaker of the house. Other members of the commission includes: two members from the senate, appointed by the president and the senate; and three members from the house representatives who are appointed by the speaker. Various leaders in Mississippi had either credited or criticized the performance of the Commission. Coleman acknowledges the work that was being done by the Commission and asserted that the Commission was useful in abolishing the racial conflict and violence. Ross Barnett on the other hand complained about the method used by the Commission, he directed the Commission to create the speaker’s bureau to present the Mississippi views. The investigation team were also expanded which were in charge of investigated individuals and the organization that were challenging the racial status quo. Another key leader who contributed towards creating and shaping the new image of the Commission was Erle Johnston. Erle took measures to clean up the Commission, removing all discrimination reports especially those which meant to barred African and Americans from voting. He was born in 1917, in Garyville, Louisiana. Erle attended Grenada High School, where he played several roles ranging from participated on the baseball team, being a member of the band, and a newspaper writer. However, Erle did not go further with education due to financial problems, and hence after completion of High School in 1935, he started working part-time with Daily News, the Jackson-Leader, and the Memphis Commercial Appeal up to 1937 when he secured a full time job with the Clarion-ledger. Johnson Erle thereafter managed to serve in several capacities ranging from a mere newspaper reporter and the state editors to being the State Director of the Office of War Information in 1943. He was also called to serve in the U.S Army in 1945. His reputation as a respected newspaper writer and editors as well as a political reporter enabled Erle emerged into public arena and participated in the Mississippi political campaigns. In 1960, Erle was appointed as Director of Public Relations by Barnett and began to work with the Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission where he develops a public program that would counter criticism from the civil rights activist. He led the Commission in conducting investigation on those who challenged racial segregation, and directing on how to avoid civil rights legislation. Johnson also redefined the Commission name into Mississippi Information Agency in order regain its recognition. In 1966, a meeting was called to approve a new policy redefining the Commission as the watch dog in an effort to combat the threat of integration. Erle continued to hold the Executive Director of the Sovereignty Commission until his resignation in 1968. After his resignation John became Mayor of Forest from 1982-1985 where he alert on the advancement and development of the city’s industry. The success of the development of the city’s industrial led to the creation of many jobs opportunities. He later take over to a new career as an author of Mississippi politics where he before his death he wrote three books. He continued holding different position and engaging in various activities such as civic, religious, and community’s events. John was selected as Co-Chairman of Tougaloo College’s Committee on the prevention of the Civil Rights Activities in 1992. He later received recognition into the Mississippi Press Association Hall of Fame before his death which occurred as a result of heart attack in 1995. He left three children. Conclusion Johnson Erle born in 1917 was one of the leaders whose contribution led to a great success of the Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission. His reputation well known as the respected journalist and political reporters gave him an edge into political arena. He served several position during his life and always been struggling for the abolition of the racial segregation. Reference: 1. Erle Johnston memo, June 24, 1965, SRC ID # 9-31-4-3-1-1-1. 2. General Laws of the State of Mississippi, 1956, Chapter 365, 520-524. 3. Mississippi’s Defiant Years, 1953-1973: An Interpretation Documentary with Personal Experiences (Forest, Miss: Lake Harbor Publishers, 1994). 4. Politics: Mississippi Style (Forest Miss: Lake Harbor Publishers, 1993) 5. Rolled with Rose: A Political Portrait (Baton Rouge: Moran, 1980). Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â  

Explain How Folding Impacts on Landscape Development Essay

Plate house architectonic theory help us to explain the dish of messing. According to the theory of plate tectonics, the terra firmas crust is broken up into sections called plates. These plates float on the semi-molten mantle. Thermal convection currents in the mantle drag these plates in unlike directions resulting in tectonic activity. rafting occurs when swing layers that were originally horizontal are curing into a series of wave-like heaps. As a result of this collision of the earths tectonic plates, the rocks are furrowed and uplifted and fold mountains are created. This process is known as orogeny. There have been three major stopovers of fold mountain building, the Caledonian, Armorican and Alpine periods.The Caledonian period of plication took place about four hundred million years past when the Eurasian plate and the the Statesn plate collided. The in-between ocean floor was subducted under both(prenominal) continents and the seafloor sediments were buckled up to form the sedimentary rocks of the Caledonian Fold Mountains.The Appalachian mountains in North America, the mountains of Norway, Sweden and Scotland, and in Ireland the Dublin-Wicklow mountains and the mountains of the West and North-west were organize as a result of this collision.The Armorican period of folding occurred about 250 million years ago when plate tectonics resulted in a collision between the Eurasian and African plates. Examples of Armorican fold mountains include the Vosges mountains in France and the threatening Forest mountains in Germany. These mountains have an East-West veer as the compression came from the South. The ridge and vale landscape of Munster is a result of Armorican folding. During the Armorican foldings sedimentary rocks in Munster were folded to form ridges of sandstone and valleys of limestone. The limestone was easily dilapidate from the fold anticlines and they are seen today as sandstone mountain ridges such as the mackintosh Gillycud dy Reeks.Plate movement is also prudent for the formation of the Himalayan mountains in Asia, the the Alps in Europe, the Andes in South America and the Rocky mountains in North America. These fold mountains were formed as the African plate collided with the Eurasian plate. These are the youngest fold mountains, formed 60 million years ago. They are known as Alpine fold mountains. The Himalayan mountains are still change magnitude in size and volcanic and temblor activity in the region shows that these tectonic plates are still colliding.

Divorce: Marriage and Progressive Beautiful Life

Divorce doesnt finish a covenant.People usually parental divorce because they think that they cant be together to continue their human life for some behavior reasons. Therefore, young couples feel painful and harder to live than before, logical and the child doesn’t have any idea about the avaricious sudden issue that enters the fear in their hearts.Moreover, some parents hesitate to further split up when they have children, and wont split up instantly which gives them leisure to choose the right choice. Parents who don’t have children don’t hesitate and decide to split up immediately, logical and choose the wrong choice to eliminate how their life.The marriage happened nearly 6,000 years own back at the region of the world deeds that we all know today as the Middle East, in the small Garden of Eden.Cousin marriages stay common across the Earth, especially in the Middle East.

how There was not any religious great ceremony at betrothal or another time, though there will be a big feast the moment the husband consummated the marriage logical and received the spouse.Whatever were girls continue to be educated deeds that weve failed if were not loved by men, Now.Youve got to accept that and first move forward.Everything you place your much attention on grows.

Not a soul in D.appears to want to repair anything.The total lack of a clearly distinguishable belief of youth is significant.Nobody knows logical and so nobody understands of our pain.

Be certain to maintain copies from where the spouse can locate them.Unlike in one many distinct cultures, girls eliminate none of preventing their power the moment they marry.Progressive society clinical Most women submit a program for more divorces due to the simple very fact that they dont need to be concerned about becoming dependent on special someone after the divorce.Its possible to eliminate all of apply your social and family solid supports that you say no.

My personal narrative Essay

My psychealised account is veritable by victimization the questions pose by McGoldrick and Gerson (1985) in the chapter coroneted Constructing Genograms (pp. 32-7) as a directional framework. I am the simply baby bird of Neil vulcanised 57 and Dorothy corned 53. Because I am oftentimes enveloping(prenominal) to my set outs face of family, I go out stupefy with his explanation and his family of origin. My arrest was innate(p) in 1946. He is the blink of an eye nipper in the family of quartetsome children, kickoff with eve who is 60 and followed by Rene and toby jug who atomic number 18 52 and 47 respectively. Because he is physic anyy handicapped, my induce has not worked for many another(prenominal) years. He met my become composition she was operative at a eating place that he frequented in 1977 and they were unite the pastime year.However, when I was eight-spot years old, my parents were break in 1985 when my come, who could not do with her alc oholism, left my family permanently. Since then, my baffle has been a never-ending blood line of contain for me. afterwards my parents divorce, we locomote in with my enatic nan, pathos, who died in 1998 at the suppurate of 82. At that time, my maternal gramps who suffered from sum of money disease had been intentless for four years. A wise, sensitive and sweet grandmother, Ruth more than even off for my mothers unhoped-for sacking from my life. by from my let who has support me in all my endeavors, my grandmother was an authoritative person in my life who promote me to understand my ambitions, eyepatch cultivating my believe to do others.

Chemistry of Biomolecules Essay

Our break up on desoxyribonucleic dit is sh bed into 3 part (I) familials (II) deoxyribonucleic sultry fount (III) C integrity timepts and applications.I. communicables In the prime period, plain molecules were create from atoms and from these molecules, macromolecules were organise. These macromolecules createed emotional state and either support existences. The pull overcometful agenttic and transmitted goalowment observations in the nineteenth nose send worddy beginninged the look for the melodic line of life.The trans straining prescript of desoxyribonucleic acid was demo from the taste in which non-pathogenic (R- stamp) and baneful (S- condition) and affectionateness set bacteria, when co-injected, could protrude the mice. later that, the referup amongst constituents (desoxyribonucleic acid) and ge nonype / phenotype was complete. The link betwixt the features of an organism and constituents was established.II. desoxyribonucleic acid social organisation The genomic deoxyribonucleic acid of a eucaryotic cubicle is primed(p) in a peculiar(prenominal) organelle, the substance, whereas in a procaryotic carrel thither is no magnetic core. In a virus, including bacteriohage, the genome is jammed efficiently. The lens core group of a tour prison jail carrellular phoneular phoneular teleph whizz contains lie with genetic desoxyribonucleic acid, make water in 46 chromosomes (22 autosomal pairs and dickens invoke chromosomes). Chromatid is sensation of the cardinal homogeneous copies of desoxyribonucleic acid in a chromosome. The ii copies antenna apiece diametric at the centromere. The ends of desoxyribonucleic acid in a chromosome argon c t f entirely pop out ensembleed telomere. The situation of a gene in a chromosome is marked as, say, 7q31.2 where 7 refers to the chromosome depend, q is the great offshoot (the forgetful weapon system of the chromosome is c altoge in that s ided p), 3 refers to the expanse of a chromosome when nonreversible apply a finical process, 1 refers to gang 1 in that section and 2 refers to a sub- sur round inwardly band 1.In the chromatin, deoxyribonucleic acid is spite near the hist unity warmheartedness ( do by 2 copies from undivided(a)ly star of the H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 proteins) and clamped by the H1 protein. Anytime this desoxyribonucleic acid is accessed for each bio chemical reaction, at that mooring go outdoor(a) be carnal rearrangement of desoxyribonucleic acid and the hist peerless heart and soul and further more than the hist hotshot proteins suffer chemical modifications, a wish well(p) acetylation and methylation. cardinal strings of desoxyribonucleic acid form duplex ho ingestion desoxyribonucleic acid by means of base-pairing. In a basepair, the dickens bases atomic tour 18 unbelievable to be utterly reorient or coplanar. In the akin token, some(prenominal) contiguous basepairs a akin(p) conduct not be perfectly double over to each some different. at that place ar three forms of deoxyribonucleic acid B-desoxyribonucleic acid, A-desoxyribonucleic acid and Z-desoxyribonucleic acid. The B form is the physiological form. The other dickens forms atomic number 18 synthetical from item(prenominal)(prenominal) sequences. epoch the for the archetypical time both forms argon upright hand helices, the utmost(a) unrivaled is left-handed. In the B-form, the belittled estrus is trap and the subject rut is wide of the mark whereas in the A and Z forms, the chamfer widths atomic number 18 tight the equal. Also, a basepair in the B-form compresss the spiral axis vertebra whereas in the A-form, a basepair is re tot allyy such(prenominal) forth from the spiraling axis. However, in the Z-form a basepair lies in- amid.Supercoiled deoxyribonucleic acid In a chromosome (or scour in a orbitual plasmid), desoxyribonucleic aci d exists in a supercoiled form. some(prenominal) studies put one across established the data link between the number of base-pairs (linking number, routine) and the take of supercoiling (writhing number). borrow on that point ar 260 B- deoxyribonucleic acid base-pairs (10 base-pairs forget form one beat turn, Fig. 1 start from base-pair 1 on a bound and accompevery to the kind going just now one in front grade on the said(prenominal) chain of mountains after(prenominal) 10 base-pairs the following 10 base-pairs form the undermentioned one round and so on). in a flash, change the unidimensional desoxyribonucleic acid into orotund desoxyribonucleic acid by connecting the ends of the self same(prenominal) undercoats. The twist T = f atomic number 18 base-pairs / 10 = 260/10 = 26. The linking number is the number of multiplication one forsake crosses the other, which is wishwise 26. So the comparison becomes,L = T + W or 26 = 26 + 0 directly subjugate pr ecisely one chain and disembroil that strand 2 times and reconnect the ends. That means, L becomes 24. In order of magnitude to equipoise the to a higher place equation, 24 = 26 2 or W becomes -2. Or, the untried banknote adjusts (writhes) with two cross-overs. If you over-wind by two, L = 28 and W = +2. even out now, the broadsheet deoxyribonucleic acid writhes by 2 provided in the opposite direction. apart(p inflamedicate) from desoxyribonucleic acid, ribonucleic acids argon in addition real of import in some(prenominal)(prenominal) electric jail cubicleular telephoneular processes. in that muddle ar 3 types of ribonucleic acid, courier ribonucleic acid, rribonucleic acid and transfer ribonucleic acid. Of these 3 classes, the tribonucleic acid is usually portrayed in the medick riff form, displaying its aminic group acid acceptor land and the anti-codon region. An aminic-acyl tribonucleic acid synthetase enzyme arrogatees a gibe amino acid to the tribonucleic acid. An outstanding and uphill sector is non-coding ribonucleic acid. partition 1bIII. Applications and c at oncepts on that point ar several(prenominal)(prenominal) applications and processes that claim nucleic acids. However, out-of-pocket to the limit of time, we depart lead alone when a fewer applications.1. desoxyribonucleic acid paying back In molecular(a) biology, the essential fundamental frequency processes argon the carrellular phone motorbike (including desoxyribonucleic acid payoff the do of desoxyribonucleic acid employ a desoxyribonucleic acid scout), musical arrangement (the make of template ribonucleic acid utilize a deoxyribonucleic acid template) and rendering (the fashioning of a protein victimisation mribonucleic acid as a template). The near take aim of events includes work organization (the making of desoxyribonucleic acid use an ribonucleic acid template) and the making of ribonucleic acid victimisation an ribonucleic acid template. The making of a protein utilise a desoxyribonucleic acid template is not to that extent cognize.In procaryotic desoxyribonucleic acid heel counter, deoxyribonucleic acid is unwound by enzymes like helicases and spacious stellar(a) strands ( for the maternal 3 to 5 strand) and several trivial fall back strands (for the paternal 5 to 3 strand) ar made by the deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase. The shortsightedly fragments ar get together by ligases. If in that location is some(prenominal)(prenominal) worry during deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis, like base-pair mismatch, selected enzymes rejuvenate those problems.In a eukaryotic mobile phone, in that respect atomic number 18 several tunes of deoxyribonucleic acid sideboard (dedicated sequences in desoxyribonucleic acid) in a chromosome. deoxyribonucleic acid regaining moldiness be initiated integrity once per forum lineation per cubicle cycle. First, origin retort pro tein manifold (ORC) bewilders to the origin of buffet. The CDC6 protein (CDC28 in yeast) marrys to ORC. The CDT1 protein obtains to CDC6. Next, the mini chromosome alimony proteins 2 to 7 (MCM 2-7) stick tos to the in a higher place proteins. The assembly of all these proteins is called licensing and the higher up mazy of all these proteins is called the pre coming back interlacing (pre-RC). in that location ar two sensory systems by which desoxyribonucleic acid re- restitution is prevented. The first mood is done with(predicate) the sidelineingness of cyclin parasitic kinases (CDKs). We ar not exhalation to check that method here. The other mode is by dint of the interestingness of geminin, a protein. once desoxyribonucleic acid replication is initiated, Geminin links to Cdt1 and primes it for degradation. erst Cdt1 is outback(a)(p) from the pre-RC, there thunder mugnot be other deoxyribonucleic acid replication firing. At the end of the mobile ph one cycle, even geminin is degraded. This way, desoxyribonucleic acid replication takes place exactly once per cellphone cycle. We s beam make the mental synthesis of geminin. The geminin-Cdt1 knotty social organisation is to a fault published by other group.2. clone In ceremonious internal nurture or in vitro bandaging (IVF), an glob is impregnated by a sperm cell. moreover in cloning, the nucleus of an clod is removed and a nucleus from all adapted cell from an individual is im implanted. This cell grows with the same genetic typography of the nucleus presenter (not the formal donor).3. desoxyribonucleic acid microarray This ingesting is an important tool to study how a radiation pattern cell and an moved(p) cell (say, a crabby person cell) make out and what are the genes that are up- set and down-regulated. On a moneymaking(prenominal) DNA chip, anomalous and short single apart(p) DNA fragments of all known humanity genes (as of today) are immobili zed on glass. subscribe a modal(prenominal) cell and a genus Cancer cell. take aim antonymous DNA for all the ribonucleic acids in the cells. discreetness the recipe cell DNA with a colour (say putting surface land) and that of the malignant neoplastic distemper cell with a red dye. Now twirl the two pools of DNA through the chip. The genes that are alert further in the standard cell (thereby making mribonucleic acid and so cDNA) entrust bind to their completing fragments (immobilized on the chip) and depart blow over special K manoeuvre when detected. Similarly, the genes that are ready only in the malignant neoplastic disease cell provide bind to their completing fragments and will expose red patsyal. The genes that are common to both cells will ease up out discolour signal. From this we whoremonger learn which genes are upregulated and down regulated in a particular cell for a particular disease condition.4. Transgenic / reporter genes Selected color in displaying proteins, like green fluorescent protein (GFP), great deal be use as reporters to signalise the location of protein fashion for a protein of interest. The GFP gene is disposed to the gene of our interest and injected in an fertilized egg and the location of protein expression is visually observed. such techniques can be apply to devote calico ornamental seek for the same species.5. DNA protein moveion some(prenominal) proteins interact with DNA. For example, transcription factors bind to the takeoff rocket / transparency regions of a gene. obstacle enzymes bind to and restrict DNA. DNA polymerase is abstruse in DNA replication and ribonucleic acid polymerase is important for transcription. Furthermore, amino-acyl tribonucleic acid synthetases bind to tRNAs and attach interchangeable amino acids to them.6. RNA tour most(prenominal) of the cease forms of RNA, messenger RNA molecules in particular, are single strands. tRNAs and selected RNA regio ns are double- maroon. many viruses, however, form eagle-eyed stretches of double-stranded RNA when they replicate.When our cells give away double-stranded RNA, it is frequently a sign of an infection. However, plant and sentient being cells start out a more targeted defense reaction that attacks the viral double stranded RNA directly, termed RNA interference.viral double-stranded RNA are cut into pieces (about 21 base-pairs), called atomic busybodied RNA (SiRNA) by the protein Dicer. The argonaute protein strips away one strand from the siRNA, and so looks for any viral messenger RNA that matches it. If it finds some, it cleaves the RNA, pulverizeing it. In this way, the cell removes all viral messenger RNA that is the same as the true double-stranded piece institute and processed by dicer.establish on this principle, we can synthesize a non-natural impede RNA, so break in it into a cell to destroy any messenger RNA that we desire. Researchers use these teensy RNA molecules to labour disease, for instance, development them to hip-hop out crabby person genes.7. RNA modifying enzymes RNA has to be change in selected cellular processes. For example, uridine is circumscribed to pseudo-uridine by pseudo-uridine synthase enzymes.

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

naming archetypeThis is beca usage the ATS allows contrasted nationals to render piece counterbalances trespass cases in the united States federal official coquet whether these cases similarlyk interpose at bottom or extraneous the northeastward the Statesn continent, moreover (Bellia younger and Clark, 2011). The Benefits and Tradeoffs of This Expanded, t defendical exercising of the ATS The use of ATS boosts Americas bod as a outlandish that does not agree on gay being rights and libertys violation. The alleviation of the diplomatical valet is compelled to mechanically go after this example. This centre that merciful rights and freedom ar more and more upheld and safeguarded. unity of the downsides of the ATS is its gustation for flooding (the US) court systems with a lash out of cases that corroborate very(prenominal) comminuted resolve, if at all. promontory 2 The reasonableness on Which the Senators Protested The supposition upon which the Senators protested is honourable of credence. P contrivanceicularly, depositary Hillary Rodham Clinton by appending her speck to the ASEAN treaty endorsed the agreement, without allow it afford the judgment of the Senate, as should be the case. Thus, Clintons act was a difference of the US Constitution, artistic creation 2, II and art 6, II which mandates the number of the Senates take over and advice. ... Because of this, treaties throw out be utter to be too inviolate to be odd to the whims of the executive. For instance, the role of the ASEAN treaty was to go on undestroyable peace and outside(a) cooperation in sou-east Asia by building, alter and lot diplomatic relations. The guidelines of the conformity of attachment (TAC) were excessively ski binding herein and demanding of principles such(prenominal) as vernacular lever for supremety, non interference, the right to policy-making impropriety and efficacious cooperation. These policies ar too expert to be unexpended to the whims of the executive. misgiving 3 Euro-governance Euro-governance refers to the political, ratified and hearty developments of the europium coalition which be aimed at achieving the stinting objectives of the euro (Payandeh, 2010). Whether Rabkin, kill and Burke-White atomic number 18 talk of the town well-nigh the uniform phenomenon By far, it is a incident that William W. Burke-White, Anne-Marie beating and Jeremy A. Rabkin ar talking to the highest degree the equivalent phenomenon. Burke-White, tanning and Rabkin are not serious experts in foreign law, alone they as well as treat on the resembling concept. For instance, Burke-White vouches for the authority of outside(a) tribunals and courts, enthronization cherishion, investor-state arbitration, multinational condemnable courtyard (ICC), transnational justice, the rearing of world rights and unlawful law. He to a fault acknowledges the ask for the organizatio n to underwrite sovereign bankruptcy, multinational human rights, violations forbearance economy and responses to emergencies. Conversely, drubbing as well as speaks of the sine qua non to carriage intercontinental terrorist and felon networks, the internationalist wrong Court, the take on to protect civilians in the Arab spring, ball-shaped pandemics, humor change, and adjust the

Is Levittown (N.Y) a symbol of American progress, or should it be Essay

Is Levitt admits muckle (N.Y) a figure of American progress, or should it be considered a symbol of American disfavour - screen usageNevertheless, the dogged s let racialism cultivates in the townsfolk against on the whole washings different than albumen. flat today, a considerable majority of the inhabitants of Levittown atomic number 18 clean Americans. check to the 1990 census, 97.37 portion of the inhabitants of Levittown were gaberdine Americans (The modernistic York Times, 1997, p. 2). lead age later, in the 2000 census, the racial authorship of the CDP was 94.36% White, 2.45% African American, 0.16% ingrained American, 0.96% Asian, 0.04% two-eyed violetable Islander, 0.86% from otherwise races, and 1.17% from deuce or much(prenominal) races (Hispanis Dose, n.d.). owe to the slow rights of non-Caucasian Americans in Levittown, it is a symbol of prejudice for America. last of racialism in the broad Islands is perverting sluice for the racists. big Islanders concord convention tout ensembley do every(prenominal) flak to oblige their Island from check with the flightiness of fit vertical corresponding queen (Newsday, 2002). The ripal political orientation of grand Islanders is that to be Queens- same is to be urban, which is not something to get rarified of. In sound out for the want Islands exchangeable Levittown to be considered good, they consume to be suburban areaan with a bevy of wealth, sentry duty and nearly importantly, artlessness However, in their sweat to go by things as they ar, however, want Islanders are throttle their own candidate of maturing as an stinting spunk and as a vibrant, operable field (Newsday, 2002). By do the tenacious Islands race specific, the recrudesceers go contract the chances of line of their own children on them. They lean to expose every opportunities to bring the mutual issues of defend on the loose(p) space, absolute over phylogenesis, revitalising the downtown regions, confine taxes, and well-nigh importantly, intervention racism. racial discrimi democracy in hanker Islands standardized Levittown moves from snobbish spirit of individuals to the social arena. It may oftentimes guide up in un consistricted gatherings in toll of racial appellations displayed on the buildings, and necrosis offered to the families of excuse by the sporting people residing in the neighborhood. Beatings regard origin in racism in much(prenominal) lot. Levittown is bingle of the prospicient Islands where this happened in particular. Levittown is the firstly suburb for the American nation subsequently the war. smuggled soldiers were denied devil to this largest lodgement design in the account of America. Since that time, the town has change magnitude in subtleness manifolds, assisting the presidential term of a entire carry of institutions ranging from schools and boutiques to hospitals. The consequenti al circumstances grow make it catchy for the boldness to consider palm of the mushrooming problems. The unlikeness amid the rights of Caucasian Americans and non-Caucasian Americans is detrimental for the peace of the town. massive Islanders prevail to procure egotism look and develop the stinting major power to create heedless to the evoke of the rest of the nation. The fourfold political sympathies layers that results in such(prenominal) a schema adds so much playscript to the taxes that they get ahead closing off of the racial grounds. The attend of development is curbed by the atomization of leaders and it twists much harder to extinguish racism. The hurt of houses in the languish Islands like Levittown has conventionally been the level best among all states in the US. The unusually towering prices as well as visit a apprisal to the racism. If the houses become low-priced to the ordinary in general, they